Shock absorbing mechanism



Nov. l, E949 G. o. GABRIEL SHOCK ABSORBING MECHANISM Filed Jan. 4, 1946 l Z WN .i fl j waw 0, L W w w gi G W w M7, a w., .4 J/

Patented Nov. 1, 1949 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SHOCK ABsoRBING MEcHANIsM Gustave O. Gabriel, New York, N. Y., assignor, by of one-half to Perma Realty Co., New York, N. Y.

Application January 4, 1946, Serial No. 639,109

mesne assignments,

3 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in shock absorbing mechanisms.

It is an object of the invention to provide a shock absorbing mechanism comprising a plurality of cushioning elements in the form of compressible rubber pads, so designed that the material of each mat is adapted to be displaced to permit distortion of each pad under compression to provide the required resilient action.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a construction of the Character described comprised of a plurality of distortable members arranged in series for simultaneous compression.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a shock absorber which is of simple construction, requiring no precision machining, and no lubrication.

It is a still further object of the invention to provide a device of the character described which requires no oil, and consequently which dispenses With the necessity for oil refills, temperature control, adjustments, maintenance diificulties and parts replacement.

It is a further obj ect of the invention to provide a device of the above Character which will function properly in any attitude, and which shall have application to farm tractors, motorcycles, automobiles, air-borne Vehicles, and other analogous uses, it being understood however, that the size of the unit required for each distinct use may vary;

Still further objects of the invention will become apparent upon study of the following description, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a Vertical axial section taken through an embodiment of the invention; and

Figure 2 is a section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Referring now to the drawings in cletail, the numeral I refers to a cylindrical steel open-ended casing or housng, preferably constructed of stainless steel tube, and housing a plurality of moulded rubber blocks 2, each block having a central aperture adapted for passage of the axial rod 6, and having further a pair of teats 3 on one face of each block and a pair of matching pockets on the other face. The blocks 2 are stacked with teats 3 fitting into the matching pockets, whereby rotational motion of one block with respect to another is prevented.

The blocks 2 are constructed of a special rubber which flexes in a range of temperatures between 50 degrees below zero to 150 degrees above zero, on the Fahrenheit scale, and therefore permits operation of the device in all weathers.

Separating the rubber pads 2 are a series of cups 4, having apertures 4' therein for permitting passage of the teats 3. The cups are fabricated of aluminum and comprise annular Shoulders having an outside diameter slightly smaller than the inside diameter of the tube l. Increase in shock pressure causes the rubber pads 2 to expand against the inside surfaces of the annular shoulders of the cups 4, no rubbing action taking place between the pads 2 and the inner walls of the cylinder I. The apertures 4' in the cups 4 and the teats 3 of the blocks 2 constitute interengaging means for preventing rotational motion of one block with respect to another.

The cups 4 themselves bear on the inside surface of the cylinder frictionally, the friction increasing on the downward stroke and decreasing on the upward stroke.

The pads 2 and the cups 4 are assembled on a rod 5, which extends axially through the central apertures in the rubber pads 2 and the cups 4, and which engages at one end a looking plate |2 having pockets for engaging the teats 3 of the lowermost pad 2, and having a central axial aperture through which extends the rod 6, said aperture being enlarged in part to form a receptacle 13 for nesting a nut |4 which threadably engages the threaded end of the rod 6.

A further end of the rod 6 bears a nob 1, larger than the rod diameter, which slidably engages in an axial hole |8, of circular cross section in a piston rod IO.

The stack of rubber pads, which, as has been stated, is capped at one end by plate 12 is engaged at the other end by a piston 5, having teats |9, engaging pockets in an adjacent pad 2, land an overhanging annular shoulder 20, for preventing frictional engagement of this adjacent pad 2 with the inner surface of the tube I.

The piston 5 is integrally secured to a piston rod IO, on which are aligned a plurality of rubber pads 8, not provided with teats and pockets, but provided only with cup separators 9. The pads 8 and the cups 9 are assembled between the rear- Ward face of the piston 5 and a reinforced Bakelite liner II, having a cylindrical portion 2| surrounding a portion of the piston Ill, and comprising an annular shoulder 2'2 closely fitting the O inside of the cylinder I.

In assembling the device the pads 8` and their associated cups 9 are slipped over the piston rod to the back face of the piston. The cylinder is then conditioned by pulling on the piston rod IO. The pads 2 and the cups 4 are now assembled and the end looking plate |2 pressed into the cylinder bore, forcing the pads 2 and cups 4 into a so-called semi-preload position. Thereafter, looking plate |2 is locked in place.

The cylinder l is covered at one end by a cover member 23, secured to the cylinder I, and comprising a knob 24 integral therewith. The knob 24 is secured between two plates 25 and 26 by means of bolts 21 having heads 28 engaging in plate 26 and threaded ends for threadedly engaging the plate e, the mate 28 thereby providmg a swivel cover plate.v r.The plate 26 is provided with a socket-for-receiving the'f'knob 24.

The piston IB is provided at one end with a knob 29 having a shoulder 313 and a pin 3|, the.

the plate 33. Plate 31 has a socketrfor receiving..

knob 29 and thereby provides a sWivel cover plate.

Gaiters IE and I? are secured in suitable mann'er; thel'gaiter' l between' member 23 and plate 26,'- and'th'e'gaiteril between plugl 35 and plate 33:* The'plugg35'providesan end closure for the cylinder and surrounds the liner 24, and is retained^in-the'cylinder'l by means of an annular retainin'gring 36 secured externally of the cylinder-'l' and -bent'toextendover' and retain the plugi35;`

`I-Iaving 'described an' embodiment of the invention it is to be 'understood -that modifications of the'arrangement and of the'details of constructi'on'" may be resorted to without violating the spiritwf-*the'invention'orlthe scope of the appended claims.

What l`If-clairn is:

1? AJshock-'absorber comprising an open-ended casin'g1,"a-cover member provided With a knob arranged across'the' bottom of said casing and secured-*to-^the=-latter,` al'gaiter arranged in surrounding'relation with respect to the knob of saifdFf-cover` member-and carried by the latter, a plate-aorovided'V` with a' socket secured to said gaiter, the-knob of' thei cover member being in engagementflwith'fsa-id socket, a piston within said casi-r'rg-and arrangecl in spaced relation' With respect tofsaidflcovermember,l afpiston rod provided`` "'with anzf axial' l'holeextending therethrough on said piston, means extendingdovvnvvardlyl from-'said' piston'-to saidcover member and secured-lto the-latter, a stacki of =resilientblocks interposed between. saidv piston andv said cover member, a: plurality' of cups surrounding and separating'eachfblock from-eachother and from saidwcasing',` interengaging means on-said cups and blocksto prevent'rotational motion of one blockwith respect `'toranothen a plug surrounding saidv'piston'rodfand vsecured to'the opposite end. ofzsaidxfcasing, asknob carried bysaidv piston rod, a2seeondfgaiter surroundingithe'knob on the pistonzrod.: andcarriedb'y 'the` plug; a second plate provided: withA aV socket-secured to said second gaiter, theknob' on thepiston' rodr being in engagement'withV the. socket on said second-named plate,iandiV a second'stack of resilient 'blocks surrounding the piston rod and mounted intermediatezsaidapiston and said plug.

2.'y A shock absorber comprisingfan open-ended casing' azcover member providedwith a knob arranged across the bottomv of said casing and secured'. to the. latter, av gaiter arranged in surrounding relation with respect to the knob of said cover member and carriedbythe latter, a plate providedwith a socket secured to said gaiter, the knob of the cover With said socket, a piston .within said casing and arrangedin spacedrelation With respect to said cover member, a piston rod provided With an aX- ial hole extending ltherethrough on said piston, means extending downwardly from said piston tomsaidfcoverimember andl secured to the latter,

said f means *'comprisinga rod' having a' knob on member being in engagement.

one end thereof, and having its other end secured to said cover member, the knob on said rod slidablyvengaging vthe axial hole, .azstack of resilient blocks interposed between said piston and said cover member, a plurality of cups surroundin'g and separating each block from each other and. fromsaidzcasing, interengaging means on said cups and blocks to prevent rotational motion'of one block with" respect to another, a plug surrounding saidpis`ton rod and secured to the opposite end of'said casing, a knob carried by said: piston rod,.,asecond gaiter surrounding the knob. on the piston rod and carried by the plug, a'second plate provided with a socket secured to said second gaiter, the knob on the piston rod being 'in engagementwith the'socketiin said second-named plate, and: 'ai second 'Stackl of resilienti blocks surrounding'the piston rod and 'mounted intermediate vsaid piston and said plug.

3. A shock a'bsorber comprising an open-ende'd' casing, a cover member provided With a. knobv arranged across the bottom of said casingrand* secured to the. latter, a gaiter arranged in: sur-- roundingf relation'with respect to the knob of said cover member and carried` by the latter; a

plate provided With a socket. secured' to said' gaiter, the knob ofthe` cover member beingvin engagement With saidi'socket; a pistonwithinfz said 'leasing and arranged.l inv` spaced relation with respect to said cover member; av p-iston'rodfpro vided vWith an axial hole extending' thereth'rough" on said piston, means extending doWn-wardly" from said piston to'said-'co'verfmember and secmed to thellatter, a stack= of'resilient blocks iii-- terposedbetween' said piston and said cover member, each-ofsaidblocks being provided'ona. its face with'teatsA and pockets on itsoppositeface, a plurality of cups surrounding and sepa-- rating each 'block from'each other and from'- said casing; each ofsai'd cups-beingv provided with' apertures extending therethrough,l the teats on' theone block being' arranged infregistry with the openings in the cups-and the pockets in the'block complemental theretov and extending through the latter toIthereby'preventrotational motion of the respective blocks relative to each other, a' plug surrounding said piston rod and secured to 'the oppositeL end of said'casing, a knob carriedby' saidfpis'ton rod, a second'gaiter surrounding the knob on the piston rodvand-f-carried-'by the'plug, asecond'plate provided With a socket securedito said` second gaiter, the knob: on the piston rod' being inengagement With the-socketon said second-named plate, and a second stack of resilientT blocks surrounding'the piston rod' and mounted intermediate saidl pistonland "said' plug.

GUSTAVE C);`v GABRIEL.

REFEREN CES' CITED The following references are of recordin the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name i Date 1,205,^106 Oxnard Nov. 14, 1916 1,544,032 Potez June 30, 1925:l 1,703,222 Brimm Febi 26,' 1929 1,772,414 Brooke-Hunt et al. Aug. 5`, 1930 1,871,390 Reynolds Aug; 9; 1932'v 2,18'7,156 Johnson Jan; 16, 19420`- FOREIGN PATENTSV Number Country Date 136,361 Great Britain Dec..18, V1919 375,954 Great Britain July 7, 1932; 727324' France Mar. 22;`1932"' 

